结核病与糖尿病共病的治疗管理专家共识

结核病与糖尿病均是临床上的常见病和多发病,两者可合并存在,相互影响。活动性结核病作为感染因素可加重糖尿病病情,而糖尿病患者又是发生结核病的高危人群,结核病与糖尿病双重负担将成为重大的全球公共卫生问题。因此,需重视结核病与糖尿病共病的治疗管理。本共识重点介绍了结核病与糖尿病共病的危害、发病机制、双向筛查、临床特点、诊断、治疗和管理等内容。     

皮肤鳞状细胞癌诊疗专家共识（2021）

【摘要】 皮肤鳞状细胞癌是非黑素瘤皮肤癌中最常见的肿瘤之一。近年来随着对其发病机制研究的深入以及诊断技术、Mohs显微描记手术、靶向治疗、免疫治疗的发展，皮肤鳞状细胞癌的诊疗取得了较大进展。该共识在国内外近期文献及诊疗指南的基础上，结合我国的诊疗现状，重点阐述皮肤鳞状细胞癌的临床表现及分型、病理活检及报告规范、风险等级评估、分级分期以及规范化治疗等，为临床医生的诊疗工作提供参考依据。     

Acute myeloid leukemia: current progress and future directions

Progress in the understanding of the biology and therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is occurring rapidly. Since 2017, nine agents have been approved for various indications in AML. These included several targeted therapies like venetoclax, FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, and others. The management of AML is complicated, highlighting the need for expertise in order to deliver optimal therapy and achieve optimal outcomes. The multiple subentities in AML require very different therapies. In this review, we summarize the important pathophysiologies driving AML, review current therapies in standard practice, and address present and future research directions.Subject terms: Prognosis, Health services     

女阴硬化性苔藓诊疗专家共识

【摘要】 女阴硬化性苔藓是一种反复发作的慢性炎症性疾病，几乎各年龄阶段均可发生，绝经期、围绝经期和青春期前女性更常见。典型损害为象牙白/瓷白色硬化萎缩斑，晚期可发生外阴、尿道、肛门结构畸变，造成性生活、排尿及排便困难。中国医疗保健国际交流促进会皮肤科分会组织多位专家在借鉴国内外临床研究和诊疗指南的基础上，补充了中国专家的经验和观点，制定女阴硬化性苔藓中国专家共识。     

介入手术室医院感染控制和预防临床实践专家共识

【摘要】 介入手术后医院感染严重危害人类健康。制定介入手术室医院感染控制和预防临床实践专家共识可更好地规范介入手术过程中相关临床实践标准，降低医院感染发生率。本共识基于 WHO指南制定手册和GRADE证据质量分级系统，形成了介入手术室环境管理、患者管理、工作人员管理、物品管理、职业暴露、培训与质量控制等6个领域54项推荐意见，供相关人员参考。     

中国肺移植术操作规范(2019版)

肺移植是治疗多种终末期肺疾病的有效方法，术后受者可长期存活，生存质量得到明显改善。为进一步规范肺移植术的操作，中华医学会器官移植学分会组织肺移植专家，总结国内外相关研究最新进展，结合国际指南和临床实践，针对肺移植重要操作步骤及常用术式的操作要点、程序和方法，以及活体肺叶移植和再次肺移植特殊操作，制订中国肺移植术操作规范(2019版)。     

Association of Red Meat Intake with the Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in General Japanese Stratified by Kidney Function: NIPPON DATA80

The consumption of red meat has been recommended for individuals with reduced kidney function. However, red meat intake was recently suspected to increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We evaluated the association of red meat intake with CVD mortality risk in Japanese with/without reduced kidney function. Overall, 9112 participants of a Japanese national survey in 1980, aged ≥30 years, were followed for 29 years. Red meat intake was assessed using weighed dietary record. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of CVD mortality according to sex-specific tertiles of red meat intake. We also performed stratified analyses with/without reduced kidney function defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m². Red meat intake was not associated with CVD mortality risk in men and women. In stratified analyses, the HR of the highest compared with the lowest tertile of red meat intake was lower only in women with reduced kidney function (0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.46–0.98). In conclusion, there were no clear associations between red meat intake and CVD mortality risk in Japanese population; however, a higher intake of red meat was associated with lower risk of future CVD mortality in women with reduced kidney function.     

2020新生儿机械通气时气道内吸引操作指南

气道内吸引是患儿接受机械通气时常用且必要的侵入性操作，整个过程包括病人的准备、吸引及后续护理，可能伴随不良事件的发生。现基于国内外相关研究，采用证据推荐分级的评估、制订与评价方法（GRADE），制定新生儿机械通气时气道内吸引的操作指南，旨在促进这一操作规范化实施，保证病人安全。     

中国卒中后认知障碍防治研究专家共识

中国卒中学会于2019年5月4日在杭州召开了中国脑血管病圆桌会议第三次全国会议(血管性认知障碍专题)。来自全国各地专家共同讨论了中国卒中后认知障碍(post-stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI)可防可治战略目标研究框架,形成本专家共识。流行病学调查研究显示,2010年,全球卒中患病率为502.3/10万,年发病率为257.96/10万,病死率为88.41/10万[1],而我国卒中患病率为1114.8/10万,年发病率为246.8/10万,病死率为114.8/10万[2],且卒中已成为我国首位致死性疾病[3]。